性别及年龄对圆锥角膜发病与进展的影响

目的 分析圆锥角膜发病及病情进展中是否受性别及年龄因素的影响.方法 回顾性分析我院2004年8月至2011年7月确诊为圆锥角膜患者的基本信息及角膜严重程度的分级,汇总统计其有效信息,对圆锥角膜流行病学特征进行统计描述,并用卡方检验分析年龄与性别是否会影响圆锥角膜病情的严重程度.结果 共208例(310眼)确诊为圆锥角膜患者,其中192例(292眼)患者资料信息有效,男146例(225眼),女46例(67眼),男女比例约为3.17∶1.00;发病年龄5～40岁,平均21.66岁,发病高峰集中在15 ～ 25岁青年群体.男女性别间圆锥角膜严重程度差异无统计学意义(x2=4.002,JP=0.447).不同年龄组的圆锥角膜严重程度差异无统计学意义(x2=11.453,P=0.477).结论 男性及青年人群在圆锥角膜患病人数中占有较大的构成比,但性别及年龄因素对圆锥角膜严重程度的影响无相关性.     

HSK合并白内障行超声乳化术后的疗效及临床用药观察

目的:观察单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎(Herpes simplex keratitis,HSK)合并白内障患者行白内障超声乳化术后视力变化及术后应用抗病毒药物预防单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎复发的疗效。方法:单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎合并白内障22例22眼行白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体植入术,术后随机分为两组,治疗组给予口服阿昔洛韦及滴用更昔洛韦凝胶;对照组仅给予滴用更昔洛韦凝胶。观察术后视力变化情况;分析单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎复发的情况。结果:术后6mo随访,治疗组和对照组视力均获得提高;治疗组无1例出现单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的复发;对照组也仅有1例于术后6mo复发,差异无显著性。结论:在抗病毒药物的保护下,>6mo未复发的单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎不是白内障的手术禁忌,白内障手术能有效改善HSK合并白内障患者的视力;仅滴用更昔洛韦凝胶亦能有效预防白内障术后单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的复发。     

CT features of exophthalmos in Chinese subjects with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

AIM:To investigate computed tomography (CT) features of exophthalmos in Chinese subjects with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).METHODS:A total of605 eyes of 325 patients with exophthalmos due to TAO were classified as grade I (mild exophthalmos) or II (severe exophthalmos) based on orbital CT imaging. The increased orbital volume features, such as changes from extraocular muscles, orbital fat, or both, were analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 605 eyes were analyzed, among them 62.98% presented grade I exophthalmos, while 36.02% showed grade II exophthalmos.#$TAB In grade I, 56.69% showed orbital fat change, and in grade II, 89.29% exhibited extraocular muscle enlargement.CONCLUSION: Orbital fat and extraocular muscle enlargement are likely to be observed on CTs of subjects with mild and severe exophthalmos, respectively. Our results suggest that CT findings may guide TAO clinical therapy recommendations and prognosis.     

Statistical virtual eye model based on wavefront aberration

Wavefront aberration affects the quality of retinal image directly. This paper reviews the representation and reconstruction of wavefront aberration, as well as the construction of virtual eye model based on Zernike polynomial coefficients. In addition, the promising prospect of virtual eye model is emphasized.     

视网膜αA-晶体蛋白和αB-晶体蛋白在应激条件下的表达变化及机制

α-晶体蛋白包括αA-晶体蛋白和αB-晶体蛋白,是晶状体的主要结构蛋白,在视网膜等体内多种组织中表达.视网膜细胞代谢活跃,受到各种应激后会导致视网膜病变.αA-晶体蛋白和αB-晶体蛋白是热休克蛋白家族的主要成员,它通过防止不可逆蛋白凝聚及抗细胞凋亡作用保护各种应激条件下的视网膜组织.本文就视网膜中αA-晶体蛋白和αB-...     

视盘的有效评估:与杯盘比的对比

青光眼是一种以进行性视盘变化和视野损失为特征的眼压相关性疾病。杯盘比在过去40a来都是评价视盘青光眼性改变的标准方法。然而我们却发现是一些小视盘的患者有典型青光眼性视野损失,而一些大视盘的患者却没有视野损失。杯盘比的检查效力和可重复性都低于一些新的检查方法。视盘损伤可能度分级(DDLS)是一种衡量视盘盘沿面积、并且校正了视盘大小等影响因素的新型视盘评价方法。DDLS也许是评价青光眼视盘的更为优化的方法。     

Arg124Cys mutation of the TGFBI gene in a Chinese pedigree of Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy

AIM: To analyze mutations in transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) gene in a Chinese pedigree with Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy (RBCD, also known as GCD3). METHODS: In a five-generation Chinese family, eight members were identified with RBCD and the rest were unaffected. All members of the family underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations. Exons of TGFBI were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and compared with a reference database. RESULTS: A single heterozygous C>T (R124C) point mutation was found in exon 4 of TGFBI in all the affected members of the pedigree, but not in the unaffected members. CONCLUSION: R124C which was a known mutation for lattice corneal dystrophy type I, segregated with the RBCD in this pedigree. This elucidated the correlation between genotype and phenotype in a Chinese family of RBCD.     

Head trauma can cause transient elevation of intraocular pressure in patients with open angle glaucoma

AIM: To describe a newly-recognized entity, illustrated by five cases of glaucoma in whom trauma to the head, but not the eye, resulted in marked, transient elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: Retrospective case series. Chart review. RESULTS: All five cases had a diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma prior to the experience of trauma to the head. All cases had an unusual elevation of IOP (around 70 percent) for days to weeks following the trauma, after which the IOP fell to pre-accident levels. No cause other than the trauma could be determined. CONCLUSION: The relationship between head trauma and elevation of IOP appears real.     

甲状腺相关性眼病活动性检测指标:细胞因子、黏附分子及糖胺聚糖的研究

甲状腺相关性眼病是一种与甲状腺疾病相关的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,其病理表现为大量糖胺聚糖堆积,导致眼球突出,上睑挛缩,复视等临床表现。根据疾病活动性,可以进行活动期与静止期的分类。目前甲状腺相关性眼病活动性评价主要依据患者的症状和体征,以及影像学检查。细胞因子、黏附分子及糖胺聚糖的研究,为甲状腺相关性眼病活动性的客观评价提供了广阔的前景,现做一综述。